From India to the Global South: A Gujarat Model of Water Governance
Context
A Gujarat based approach to water governance has been highlighted as a potential model for countries of the Global South. It draws upon India’s experience with decentralised water management, rainwater harvesting, groundwater management, community participation and institutional reforms.
Key Highlights
- Gujarat’s experience shows that achieving water security requires institutional and behavioural changes, rather than relying only on the creation of physical infrastructure. This becomes particularly important in regions facing recurring climate related shocks and groundwater stress.
- The approach is built around the “4 Ps” framework: People, Policy, Public Finance and Partnership. It emphasises community participation, supportive policies, sustainable financing and cooperation between government institutions and non state stakeholders.
- Initiatives such as Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain, Jal Jeevan Mission, Atal Bhujal Yojana and Per Drop More Crop represent different aspects of India’s broader water management strategy.
- Community ownership through institutions such as Pani Samitis, combined with rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and efficient agricultural practices, can strengthen local resilience and improve the sustainability of water services.
- The model has wider relevance for the Global South, where rapid urbanisation, growing agricultural demand, climate change and inadequate water infrastructure are collectively increasing pressure on freshwater resources.
Way Forward
India can promote South-South cooperation in water governance by sharing adaptable institutional frameworks, digital technologies, financing mechanisms and community led practices. Such approaches should be modified according to the local ecological, economic and social conditions of each country.